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The Long Road to Changi, by Peter Ewer
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How flawed planning, dysfunctional personalities and empirical arrogance took Australia down the long road to Changi. In the 1930s while war raged in Europe, Australians were assured by politicians that the country was safe as long as the Union Jack fluttered over 'Fortress Singapore'. the reality was so different: Britain, over-stretched and under threat, skimped on the forces it needed to hold the base. When Japanese forces began flexing their muscles in the Pacific, a hasty defence plan was put in place. Australian troops, aircrews and sailors were dispatched to Singapore as much for purposes of propaganda as anything else. the understanding was that bronzed Aussies would soon put the Japs in their place. But it was so much wishful thinking. While most books centre on the horrors of the death camps, historian Peter Ewer asks how we came to be in this mess in the first place. Why was an untested Australian military contingent expected to play a leading role in halting the cream of the Japanese army? Why did British commanders and politicians send them there - then blame them for the inevitable defeat? Could this disaster have been averted? Drawing on fresh archival research, Ewer uncovers a story of incompetent planning, powerful but flawed characters and national trauma which resonates to this day. Writing from the perspectives of foot soldiers and generals, politicians and socialites, he constructs a riveting picture of a war which was lost before it began.
- Sales Rank: #1646734 in eBooks
- Published on: 2013-08-01
- Released on: 2013-08-01
- Format: Kindle eBook
Most helpful customer reviews
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
A "must" read.
By J. Anderson
An absolute must read for all Australians. No wonder so many Aussie's ended up in Changi! Shows up how stupid the English Government at the time was and why their arrogance before and during the war caused the fall of Singapore.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
End Of An Empire
By Adam Claxton
Contrary to popular belief the war in the Pacific commenced with the Japanese advances on South East Asia. Malaya & Singapore fell in just 70 days and was without question the tipping point that shattered Australia’s reliance on the British Empire - ultimately turning Australia to the US. This excellent book by military historian Peter Ewer documents the shocking ineptitude of the Allied defenders and the brutal swiftness of the Japanese advance.
The aim of the Japan was to expand its empire and expel European colonialism once and for all from Asia. Singapore, a prized target on the way to the oilfields of Dutch East Indies, was the jewel in the crown of the British Empire with its undoubted commercial importance. It was also seen as a supposed impregnable fortress lying between Australia and an expansionist Japan.
On December 8 1941 Japan entered WW2 when it invaded northern Malaya at Kota Baru. The Japanese contrary to popular belief at the time were accomplished and battle hardened in Manchuria and Indochina and they proved no match for the ill prepared and disparate Allied forces who defended the peninsular. Well before 1941 a complete lack of planning exposed the Allied forces in South East Asia. There was no front line air force of any note with obsolete planes making up the bulk of the service; there were no modern naval ships; untrained multinational troops; and surprisingly no battle tanks which were thought unfit for jungle operations. Within days of their invasion Japan had total freedom of the air and sea.
Japans relentless march south toward Singapore had the Allied troops backpedalling constantly. They abandoned headquarters, ammunition, equipment and supplies as they hastily departed. The Allied military hierarchy based in Singapore were beset with panic and infighting. The abrasive and arrogant Australian General Gordon Bennet proved incapable of working with anyone – superiors, subordinates and allies.
As the Allied forces retreated to Singapore they found themselves once again at the mercy of seriously flawed British assumptions – this time about the island’s defence. There with numerous tactical errors, technological shortcomings and strategic blunders – a prime example being the heavy coastal guns that faced south out to the sea. After the Japanese crossed the Straits of Johor and headed swiftly toward the city, British General Percival saw the writing on the wall and surrendered in February 1942. Percival went with close to 70,000 troops into the notorious prison camps and 3 long years of captivity.
After what is now regarded as Britain’s most humiliating military defeat came Australian Prime Minister Curtin’s defiant call to begin the battle for Australia. It also wasn’t long before the blame and recriminations started amongst the Allies with Australian troop’s insubordination, desertions and lack of fighting spirit widely propagated. Peter Ewer has produced a very well researched book encapsulating the experiences of the men in battle, the local civilians, military hierarchy, through to the politicians back home.
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