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This in-depth analysis goes behind the headlines to understand why crucial negotiations fail. The author argues that diplomats often enter negotiations with flawed assumptions about human behavior, sovereignty, and power. Essentially, the international community is using a model of European diplomacy dating back to the 18th century to solve the complex problems of the 21st century.
Through numerous examples, the author shows that the key failure in current diplomatic efforts is the entrenched belief that nations, through their representatives, will act rationally to further their individual political, economic, and strategic interests. However, the contemporary scientific understanding of how people act and see their world does not support this assumption. On the contrary, research from decision-making theory, behavioral economics, social neuropsychology, and current best practices in mediation indicate that emotional and irrational factors often have as much, if not more, to do with the success or failure of a mediated solution.
Reviewing a wide range of conflicts and negotiations, Noll demonstrates that the best efforts of negotiators often failed because they did not take into account the deep-seated values and emotions of the disputing parties. In conclusion, Noll draws on his own long experience as a professional mediator to describe the process of building trust and creating a climate of empathy that is the key to successful negotiation and can go a long way toward resolving even seemingly intractable conflicts.
From the Hardcover edition.
- Sales Rank: #1440808 in eBooks
- Published on: 2011-04-01
- Released on: 2011-04-01
- Format: Kindle eBook
Review
"It is increasingly clear that traditional military and diplomatic methods for resolving global conflicts cannot work. In Elusive Peace, Douglas Noll not only shows us why, with explanations ranging from neuropsychology to philosophy and political analysis, he points us to morally meaningful solutions. This is a compelling, exciting, eye-opening read that will make you think, and think again." --Kenneth Cloke, president of Mediators Beyond Borders, author of Conflict Revolution: Mediating Evil, War, Injustice, and Terrorism.
"If you are a Mediator or Peace Builder, this is one book to keep by your side and on your desk at all times. Use it to give yourself a reality check when you're in danger of slipping into comfortable sentimentality or irrational exuberance over the essential goodness, intelligence, or rationality of human beings.
"Douglas Noll is no peacenik who stumbled his way into peace building after drinking the purple Kool-Aid. He is above all a realist. His book is a clear exposition of how sustainable peace can only be achieved through unsentimental critical thinking, a sophisticated understanding of human society and behavior, and expert facilitation of the conflict resolution process." --Ashok Panikkar, founder and executive director of Meta-Culture Consulting, South Asia's first professional conflict resolution and dialogue center
"Douglas Noll artfully provides a cogent and compelling case for recognizing the 'international diplomatic mediator' as a distinct specialization within the field of mediation. While acknowledging the fact that most heads of state and career diplomats may be highly skilled in their fields, Noll laments that they, as a class, lack the most rudimentary skills to successfully effect conflict resolution on the world stage. His thoughtful book suggests instead that the stakes involved in many world conflicts are so high that they should rather be placed in the capable hands of properly equipped, experienced, professional mediators." --Neil Carmichael, vice president of Education & Training, American Arbitration Association University
About the Author
Douglas E. Noll, JD, MA (Clovis, CA), lawyer turned peacemaker, is a professional mediator, specializing in difficult, complex, and intractable conflicts. He has been voted as one of the Best Lawyers in America since 2005 by bestlawyers.com for his work in conflict resolution and mediation and is AV-rated by Martindale Hubbell, given to the top 1 percent of the lawyers in the United States. Mr. Noll is host of The Doug Noll Show, an Internet radio show streamed live every Thursday evening from 7-8 pm Pacific on wsRadio.com and is a nationally recognized author, speaker, trainer, and lecturer on the topics of mediation, peacemaking, ethics, and leadership. Mr. Noll is also the author of Sex, Politics, and Religion at the Office (coauthored with John Boogaert); "The Neuropsychology of Conflict," chapter 3 in The Psychology of Resolving Global Conflicts, edited by M. Fitzduff and C.E. Stout; and Peacemaking: Practicing at the Intersection of Law and Human Conflict.
Most helpful customer reviews
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Elusive Peace
By GNN
Elusive Peace
Author: Douglas E. Noll
Reviewed by G. Noah Newmark
Elusive Peace is an insightful and, ultimately, persuasive prescription for conflict identification and resolution, that is, "peace", written by someone who has practiced and refined replicable techniques.
I say "ultimately" because, depending on the depth of cynicism of the reader, Doug Noll, the author, has to find a way to do the very thing that is lacking in most conflict situations - communicate a common premise.
Noll does this. In addition to being a master mediator, he is a very good story-teller; and he uses this skill to advantage. Further, in the situations he has selected, combined with the way he has structured the book, he artfully builds his case:
In most instances, conflicts can be understood beyond self-serving purposes; and, regardless of how "evil" one, both, or all, of the adversaries, resolution is possible.
For those too much invested in denying the possibilities for peace, the book should none-the-less be an interesting political argument, implicitly challenging those readers with the consequences of accepting, or fomenting, unresolved conflict.
Whether a practitioner, current or potential, on a geo-political or economic scale; or an individual transferring global skill to personal practice, this is a valuable and enjoyable book!
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
What "Peace" Needs!
By Robert Rail
"Elusive Peace" is a must read for anyone who has to deal with other people. Every day of our lives, in almost every interaction we have with someone else, we are "negotiating". If we realize how many things we do "on a daily basis" that are negotiated, perhaps, like the author, we will start to realize the flawed logic so many of our professional mediators are using.
I clearly remember my first assignment with the International Police Task Force in Bosnia. I was as brand new as my uniform and was in the advantageous position of knowing all there was to know because of my extensive police background from the states; I was soon to learn how naive and poorly prepared I was at dealing with any negotiations or mediations, let alone in the international arena of war.
It seemed like a very simple matter to resolve to me at the moment. One side of this continuing conflict wanted to visit the graves of their loved ones on the far side of the river; the other side wanted to visit their churches that were located on the opposite side of the river. I remember looking at my fellow officer- an older, more experience colleague who had been through foreign negotiations before and thinking out loud, "This will be done before lunch." The older officer just put his hand on my shoulder and said, "Crossing a raging river is less of a threat than the hate these people have for each other my young friend". Unfortunately, he was to be proved right every hour of every day we tried to intercede to stop the bloodshed between them. Both sides were determined to pray to stop the violence, but neither side could move beyond the venomous hate that permeated the very air we breathed in the meeting room. Their emotions consumed all rational negotiation.
As the older officer and I became closer colleagues he shared his hard earned philosophy with me. "When I was young I sought out the answers to life's questions, but now, after the years have come and gone I have learned to seek out the right questions to ask." I asked him about war and without hesitation but with a heavy sigh he said "War is the failure of negotiation". I asked him, how long we keep futilely trying to mediate, and he said, "We never stop trying to bring oil and water together...It is better to spill tea at the negotiation table than blood on the ground". Somehow I felt dedicated to a pointless endeavor.
Trying to negotiate at the privileged level meetings went no better. The rooms were nicer, the furniture was more luxurious, the food and drink was improved, but the results remained the same. It didn't matter if they were peasants or governmental royalty filled with arrogant ignorance and ceremonial strutting around the conference room with their selected staff. Emotion always trumped reason and most negotiations ended in futility.
Reading this book filled me with many mixed emotions. I was filled with sadness and regret that I didn't have the opportunity to know the lessons, insights and perspectives contained in this book when I embarked on my first war zone mission. From Bosnia, and then on to Kosovo, and then to so many other places in the world that were so very different but had so much in common as this book has shown me. But now, I am also optimistic because someone has written a book explaining why people react the way they do during negotiations and perhaps, just perhaps, the professional people trying to make this world a more peaceful place will finally find a way to successfully negotiate peace.
Please read "Elusive Peace" by Douglas E. Noll. Our world will be a better place for it.
Robert R. Rail
"Surviving the International War Zone"
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
A Review of Elusive Peace
By Rick Love
Douglas E. Noll's Elusive Peace: How Modern Diplomatic Strategies Could Better Resolve World Conflicts provides a profound overview of the field of peacemaking. The heart of the book, though, is his rigorous critique of diplomatic peacemaking methods and robust apologetic for the importance of emotions in peacemaking. Noll's detailed illustrations and solid research make this one of the best books I've read this year!
Noll gives a helpful historical analysis of "old school" diplomatic assumptions and practices referred to as "rational-choice theory." He points out that modern diplomats lack an understanding of the latest scientific research as it relates to peacemaking:
"New discoveries in behavioral economics, cognitive and social neuroscience, and social psychology have demonstrated that emotions weave through our every thought, decision, and action. To paraphrase neuroscientist Antonio Damasio, we are 98 percent emotional and 2 percent rational. We are not nearly as rational as we think we are" (p. 22).
Here is one good example of his critique of modern diplomatic approaches to mediation:
"The problem with having political personalities acting as `mediators' is that they do not know how to design a mediation process, how to engage the parties to the conflict, how to prepare parties for a mediated negotiation, how to facilitate meetings where strong emotions are present, how to deal with prospective impasse, or how to bring a variety of processes and techniques to bear on the normal issues that arise in any complex problem-solving negotiation" (p. 34).
Noll is a lawyer-turned-peacemaker (and a martial artist!) who acknowledges that feelings are a crucial dimension of peacemaking. He explains what most of us know from our own experience with conflict: emotions can hinder conflict resolution.
"The one thing I have learned in mediating thousands of conflicts and disputes is that when people fight, emotions dominate reason. If people in the fight cannot work through their emotions, negotiating an agreement or solution is generally impossible" (p. 98).
But there is a lot more about the centrality of emotions in conflict resolution than this conventional wisdom. Here are two fascinating scientific insights that Noll uses to argue his case. First, the innate human biological fear-response system is found in the two small, almond-shaped structures in the brain called the amygdala. They comprise an early warning system so that we are capable of responding to threats in the environment quickly and without conscious thought (p. 155). Our emotions, especially fear, have biological triggers.
Second, I was also interested to learn about Oxytocin. Oxytocin is a chemical humans produce that reduces stress responses in conflict and significantly increases positive communication (p. 189) - another biological fact that impacts our emotions. "Thus," Noll concludes, "we are not rational beings with feelings; we are feeling beings with the ability to think rational thoughts" (p. 280).
So how do we effectively address emotions to resolve conflict? While peacemaking is a complex, demanding endeavor, a few things dominate Noll's approach. First, he puts a strong emphasis on careful, sensitive listening, not only to words, but also emotional data and body language. Skilled mediators listen at multiple levels.
Second, having the different parties share their stories is a powerful way to build bridges. Storytelling increases empathy for the other and de-escalates emotions. "Empirical evidence and deep experience suggest that storytelling is the only way through the maze" (p. 80). It is "the core of a twenty-first century approach to international negotiation" (p. 101).
I do have one critique of the book. A detailed table of contents would make this valuable resource a much more powerful tool. The sub-sections of the book need to be noted in the table of contents so students of peacemaking can have quick and easy access to the data.
But students of peace should not wait for a revised edition of the book! You can get it on amazon right now. I believe that if you read and apply Noll's suggestions, peace will not be so elusive.
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